Environmental civil liability in agricultural activities

Abstract

Agriculture plays a fundamental role in the country's economy, but it is also responsible for significant environmental impacts, such as deforestation, soil degradation, contamination of water resources and loss of biodiversity. Brazilian environmental legislation, through Law No. 6,938/81, establishes objective civil liability to repair damage to the environment, according to article 14, paragraph one. In view of this, the problem is related to the importance of civil liability in relation to environmental impacts caused by agricultural activity. The objective civil liability regime, by obliging the person causing the damage to repair it regardless of fault, aims to prevent and repair environmental damage. Thus, the general objective of this study is to analyze the application of civil liability in environmental impacts generated by agricultural activities. In this sense, it is essential that activities in the field are aligned with public sustainability policies, adopt good practices and clean technologies, and respect legal limits to ensure the preservation of the environment and the responsible continuity of agricultural and livestock production. The methodology used was based on a bibliographic review with a deductive approach and descriptive and explanatory character, prioritizing sources published in the last five years to ensure the content was up-to-date. The theoretical framework was constructed from legal doctrines, scientific articles, court journals, specialized websites and case law analyses. The main databases consulted were SciELO, Google Scholar and the Electronic Official Gazette, aiming to deepen the legal aspects of the topic