Varas das Garantias no TJRO: diagnóstico empírico, análise de sensibilidade e prospecção estrutural para a criação de uma terceira unidade estadual

Abstract

This article analyzes the initial performance of the State-level Guarantee Courts (Varas das Garantias) of the Court of Justice of the State of Rondônia (TJRO), installed on May 14, 2025, in compliance with the normative framework arising from Law No. 13,964/2019 (Anti-Crime Package), the Brazilian Supreme Court's ruling on Direct Actions of Unconstitutionality No. 6,298; 6,299; 6,300 and 6,305, and Resolution CNJ No. 562/2024. A descriptive quantitative approach is adopted, based on primary data extracted from the Qlik Sense, Eolis and DBeaver corporate systems for the August-December 2025 period, comprising five post-stabilization months. The indicators examined were the case backlog, the new case flow, the closures, the gross and net congestion rates, the custody hearings, the judicial output, and the temporal gap between request and injunctive decision, this last one assessed over 661 requests. The data reveal that both courts operate with inventories exceeding 16,000 cases per unit, net congestion rates of up to 39.84%, and a recurring pattern of personal precautionary measures being assessed in over ten days, a proportion ranging from 64% to 78% of requests depending on the class. A prospective simulation is applied in two scenarios, equitable redistribution and redistribution weighted by jurisdictional concentration, complemented by sensitivity analysis and by comparative-law benchmarking with Germany, France, Chile and Colombia. The article concludes that the creation of a 3rd State Guarantee Court, accompanied by a 3rd State Guarantee Duty Roster and by the functional redistribution of the Court Secretariat to the Electronic Processing Center (CPE1G), produces a structurally relevant effect on congestion and timeliness indicators, in alignment with the constitutional principles of reasonable case duration and the protection of fundamental rights.